The Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP) (http://www.globalbioenergy.org/) - The GBEP serves as a forum that promotes voluntary cooperation through consensus among governments, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, and other partners to share and define effective policies related to the sustainable development of biomass and bioenergy. Through the Ministry, Italy co-chairs the GBEP partnership alongside Brazil, which includes 23 states and 14 international organizations as partners, as well as an additional 27 states and 12 international organizations as observers. Among the key achievements of the GBEP is the development of sustainability indicators for bioenergy. These indicators, when measured in both developed and developing countries, provide insights into the sustainability of current bioenergy production and use. This information serves as guidance for policymakers to improve bioenergy sustainability policies within their respective countries. For more information, please refer to the information sheet (https://www.globalbioenergy.org/fileadmin/user_upload/gbep/docs/GBEP_standard_material/ITALIAN_Background_note_GBEP_October_2015_FINAL.pdf) and brochure (https://www.globalbioenergy.org/fileadmin/user_upload/gbep/docs/GBEP_standard_material/GBEP_Leaflet_May12.pdf) on the Global Bioenergy Partnership.

The Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture (GACSA) (https://www.fao.org/gacsa/en/)- Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an approach promoted by FAO since 2010 to create favorable technical, policy, and investment conditions for sustainable agricultural development that addresses the challenges associated with climate change while ensuring food security. CSA focuses on integrating the three dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social, and environmental) and requires coordination among sectors closely related to agriculture, including livestock, agricultural and forestry practices, and fisheries, as well as the energy and water sectors.

Since the signing of the Protocol in 2014, the Ministry of Environment (MATTM) has supported the establishment of the Global Alliance on Climate-Smart Agriculture (GACSA) and its expansion. GACSA now has 236 members, including 23 states, research centers and universities, international and non-governmental organizations, development banks, national and international farmer associations, and stakeholder networks. The Ministry has also provided support to the Alliance's governing bodies, particularly the Facilitation Unit (which serves as the Secretariat) and the Knowledge Action Group (the group responsible for promoting knowledge, research, and the development of good practices related to CSA). In this context, a preliminary analysis of climate-smart agriculture best practices has been conducted. Under this agreement, the Ministry and FAO have also carried out pre-feasibility studies in Botswana, Ecuador, and Ethiopia, aiming to analyze and support the "on-the-ground" application of the CSA approach. In this context, a preliminary analysis of climate-smart agriculture best practices has been conducted. Under this agreement, the Ministry and FAO have also carried out pre-feasibility studies in Botswana, Ecuador, and Ethiopia, aiming to analyze and support the "on-the-ground" application of the CSA approach:

•  In Botswana, guidelines have been identified to promote the productivity of four food value chains in the agricultural and livestock sectors (beef, cereals, horticultural products, and legumes) through better integration of indigenous practices and the CSA approach.

•  In Ecuador, the feasibility study focused on opportunities to promote the sustainable cultivation of cocoa through agroforestry strategies related to biodiversity protection, emissions reduction, support for the local economy, and potential partnerships with international companies.

•  In Etiopia, the study identified several strategic actions to improve the agricultural productivity of durum wheat, promoting crop adaptation to climate change and increasing marketing opportunities for small landowners.

The Ministry is committed to promoting the CSA approach in bilateral collaboration with many countries, particularly in Africa, to support them in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals of the UN Agenda 2030, as well as the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the associated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The feasibility studies and future pilot projects conducted in collaboration with FAO are considered integral components of this strategy.